Earthquakes

Earthquakes occur when stresses in the Earth's crust are suddenly released, often in areas where tectonic plates move relative to one another. Small earthquakes occur every day around the world, but most are too weak to be noticed.

Major earthquakes occur particularly near the boundaries of tectonic plates, including around the Pacific Ocean and in parts of Asia, North and South America, and the Mediterranean region.

Most Important

Protect yourself from falling objects, glass and parts of buildings. If you are indoors when the ground starts shaking, you should normally remain inside until the shaking stops.

If You Are Indoors

  • Drop to your hands and knees to prevent being knocked over.
  • If possible, take cover under a sturdy table and hold on until the shaking stops.
  • If you cannot take cover under a table, protect your head and neck with your arms.
  • Stay away from windows, glass, bookcases and other objects that could fall.
  • Do not run outside while the ground is shaking.
  • Never use a lift.

If You Are Outdoors

  • If possible, move to an open area.
  • Stay away from buildings, walls, bridges, power lines and trees.
  • Watch out for falling objects and fallen power lines.
  • Remain in a safe place until the shaking stops.

Risk of a Tsunami

Major earthquakes under or near the sea can cause tsunamis. If you are near the coast and feel a strong or prolonged earthquake, quickly leave the beach and low-lying coastal areas and move to higher ground or further inland.

Other natural warning signs include the sea suddenly receding unusually far or rising unusually high, or a loud and unusual roar from the sea. Do not wait for an official warning if you notice any of these signs.

Do not return to the beach or other areas at risk until the authorities say it is safe. A tsunami often consists of several waves, and the first wave may not be the largest.

Follow Local Warnings

Always follow warnings and evacuation instructions issued by local authorities. In areas at risk of earthquakes or tsunamis, it is a good idea to find out in advance where the nearest evacuation route and safe area are located.


Senast uppdaterad 2026-09-06